汉语违实成分研究 英文版【2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载】

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Foreword1

List of Abbreviations1

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION1

1.1 Theories of Conditionals and CFCs1

1.2 Goals of This Book11

1.3 Some Basic Concepts of Conditionals13

1.3.1 Various Conditionals13

1.3.2 Examining the Grammatical Features of Conditionals18

1.4 Structure of This Book20

CHAPTER TWO A SURVEY oF CoNDITIoNALS AND CFCS IN CHINESE21

2.1 Chinese Conditionals21

2.1.1 Conditionals vs. Hypotheticals:A New Definition22

2.1.2 Subclassification of Conditionals26

2.1.3 Chinese and English Conditionals29

2.1.3.1 Chinese Donkey Sentences29

2.1.3.2 Tense Expressions34

2.1.4 Some Grammatical Features of Conditionals in Chinese40

2.1.4.1 Hypothetical Conjunctions40

2.1.4.2 The Components of a Conditional42

2.1.4.3 Subjectivity in Conditionals44

2.1.4.4 Conditional as a Typical Irrealis Modal Sentence45

2.2 Some Basic Concepts about CFCs47

2.2.1 Definitions48

2.2.2 CF Sentence as Subjectivised Construction50

2.2.3 Modality and CFC51

CHAPTER THREE LITERATURE REVIEW55

3.1 Early Stage（before 1980s）58

3.2 Middle Stage（mid 1980s to early 2000s）61

3.2.1 Guohua Chen（1988）and Yan Jiang（2000）62

3.2.2 Weixian Wang et a1.（1994），Fuyi Xing（2001）and Jiaxuan Shen（2003）65

3.3 Recent Stage（Since the beginning of the 21 st century till now）72

3.3.1 Realis vs.Irrealis-Xiaoying Luo（2006），Min Li（2006），Xiaoling Wang（2007），Xueping Zhang（2008）73

3.3.2 Psychological Experimental Approach81

3.3.3 Linguistic Approach（Yaoshi（要是）vs.Yaobushi（要不是）—Yuying Su（2008））84

CHAPTER FOUR CF INGREDIENTS（I）:TEMPORAL EXPRESSIONS89

4.1 A Brief Review of the Previous Studies on Temporal Structure in Chinese90

4.1.1 Tripartite Temporal Structure-Ping Chen（1988）91

4.1.2 Formal Approaches-Yan Jiang＆Haihua Pan（2005）93

4.1.3 Temporal Reference-Yang Gu（2007）95

4.1.4 Relevance-Account of le（了）and guo（过）-Ljungqvist（2007）96

4.2 An Analysis Based on Tripartite Temporal System98

4.2.1 Phase98

4.2.2 Aspect110

4.2.3 Tense126

4.3 More on Temporal Anchoring134

4.4 Interim Summary140

CHAPTER FIVE CF INGREDIENTS（Ⅱ）144

5.1 Hypothetical Conjunctions144

5.1.1 Ruguo（如果）（Yaoshi（要是），Yao（要），Jiaru（假如），Jiashi（假使），Jiashe（假设），Tangruo（倘若），Ruruo（如若），Sheruo（设若），etc.）149

5.1.2 Yaobushi（要不是）（Ruofei（若非），Ruobushi（若不是），Ruguobushi（如果不是），etc.）151

5.1.3 Wanyi（万一）152

5.1.4 A Brief Summary154

5.1.5 CF Sentences Without Conjunctions155

5.2 Negation156

5.3 Personal Pronouns171

5.4 Rhetorical Questions175

5.5 CF Enhancers181

5.6 Summary187

CHAPTER SIX GENERATING COUNTERFACTUALITY IN MANDARIN CONDITIONAL SENTENCES188

6.1 Context Determinism vs.Ingredient Determinism188

6.2 Minimalism，Contextualism and Indexicalism191

6.3 A Three-Layer Context System198

6.3.1 CF Ingredients:Local Context199

6.3.1.1 CF Ingredients Revisited199

6.3.1.2 Numbers Talk206

6.3.1.3 Working Mechanism211

6.3.2 Protasis and Apodosis:Compound Sentence Context221

6.3.2.1 Binding Argument222

6.3.2.2 From Protasis to Apodosis：A Process of Saturation224

6.3.3 Macro Context232

6.3.4 Interaction of Three Layers of Contexts236

CHAPTER SEVEN CONCLUSIONS AND PROSPECTS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH238

7.1 More on the Interpretational System238

7.2 Recapitulation244

7.3 Suggestions for Future Research248

REFERENCES252

APPENDIX Ⅰ264

APPENDIX Ⅱ266

APPENDIX Ⅲ267

APPENDIX Ⅳ274

APPENDIX Ⅴ283

Acknowledgements285