工业与系统工程概论 英文版【2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载】

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Part 1 History and Perspective of Industrial Engineering1

1 HISTORY OF ENGINEERING AND DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING1

1.1．Introduction1

1.2．Early Developments2

1.3．The Modern Era3

1.4．The Engineering Process5

1.5．Engineering as a Profession6

1.6．Professional Ethics8

1.7．Professional Licensing8

1.8．Engineering Education and ABET Accreditation10

1.9．Chronology of Industrial Engineering12

1.10．Industrial Engineering Organizations15

Contents17

PREFACE17

1.11．Definition of Industrial Engineering18

1.12．Industrial Engineering Education18

1.13．Impact of Related Developments19

1.13.1 Impact of Operations Research19

1.13.2 Impact of Digital Computers20

1.13.3 Emergence of Service Industries21

1.14．Relationship to Other Engineering Disciplines21

1.15．Challenges of the Future23

2.1．Introduction25

2 INDUSTRIAL AND SYSTEMS ENGINEERING25

2.2．Industrial and Systems Engineering Design26

2.2.1 Human Activity System26

2.2.2 Management Control System26

2.3．Typical I. S.E.Activities28

2.3.1 Production Operations28

2.3.2 Management Systems30

2.3.3 Corporate Services31

2.4．Relationship to Total Organization33

2.5．Internal Organization of the I. S.E. Function36

2.6．Effectiveness Measures for the I. S.E. Function36

2.7．The Nature of“Systems”36

2.7.1 Definitions37

2.7.2 System Classifications38

2.8．Feedback Control in Systems38

Part 2 Industrial and Systems Engineering Methodologies43

3 MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING43

3.1．Introduction43

3.2．Product-Production Design Interaction44

3.3．Process Engineering45

3.3.1 Defining Product Structure and Specifications45

3.3.2 Assessing Manufacturability48

3.3.3 Determining Processes Capable of Producing the Part48

3.3.4 Evaluating the Cost of Each Process50

3.3.6 Documenting the Process55

3.3.5 Determining the Sequence of Operations55

3.4．Industrial Processes56

3.4.1 Refining and Alloying56

3.4.2 Casting58

3.4.3 Metal Forming59

3.4.4 Metal Cutting60

3.4.5 Welding64

3.4.6 Assembly67

3.4.7 Finishing67

3.5．Ancillary Functions68

3.5.1 Tool,Jig,and Fixture Design68

3.5.2 Cost Estimating70

3.5.3 Maintenance Systems Design71

3.5.4 Packaging Systems72

3.6．Example73

3.7．Computer Applications73

4 FACILITIES LOCATION AND LAYOUT80

4.1．Introduction to Facilities Location80

4.2．Considerations81

4.3．Analytical Techniques83

4.3.1 Transportation Method of Linear Programming84

4.3.2 Multiple Objectives88

4.3.3 Mathematical Programming(Optional)89

4.3.4 Public-Sector Location Problems96

4.4．Introduction to Facilities Layout99

4.5．General Considerations102

4.6．Systematic Layout Planning102

4.7．Computerized Layout Planning(Optional)113

4.8．Impact of Computers118

5 MATERIAL HANDLING,DISTRIBUTION,AND ROUTING125

5.1．Introduction125

5.2．Material Handling126

5.2.1 Equipment Concepts127

5.2.2 Principles of Material Handling131

5.2.3 Quantitative Techniques134

5.3.2 Operations Management—Routing137

5.3.1 Warehouse Location137

5.3．Distribution137

5.3.3 Routing in the Public Sector145

6 WORK DESIGN AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE—WORK MEASUREMENT151

6.1．Introduction151

6.2．Methods Improvement154

6.2.1 Flow Process Charts155

6.2.2 Left-Hand-Right-Hand Charts156

6.2.3 Other Charts160

6.2.4 Principles of Motion Economy163

6.2.5 Human Engineering164

6.3．Work Measurement165

6.3.1 Direct Time Study167

6.3.2 Time Study Standard Data171

6.3.3 Predetermined Times173

6.3.4 Predetermined time Standard Data174

6.3.5 Work Sampling174

6.4．Organizational System Performance Measurement175

6.4.1 Productivity Measurement Basics175

6.4.2 Normative Productivity Measurement Model176

6.4.3 Multifactor Productivity Measurement Model178

6.5．Computers and Work Measurement and Design178

7 OPERATIONS PLANNING AND CONTROL183

7.1．Introduction183

7.2.1 Demand Forecasting (Ⅰ)184

7.2．Overview of Operations Planning and Control184

7.2.2 Operations Planning (Ⅱ)186

7.2.3 Inventory Planning and Control (Ⅲ)187

7.2.4 Operations Scheduling (Ⅳ)188

7.2.5 Dispatching and Progress Control (Ⅴ)188

7.2.6 Interfaces189

7.2.7 Integrating the Functions190

7.3．Techniques for Demand Forecasting190

7.3.1 Moving Average190

7.3.2 Exponentially Weighted Moving Average191

7.3.3 Regression Analysis192

7.4．Techniques for Operations Planning194

7.5．Techniques for Inventory Planning and Control197

7.6．Techniques for Operations Scheduling200

7.6.1 Purpose of Operations Scheduling201

7.7．Dispatching and Progress Control203

7.8．MRP Systems203

7.9．Just-in-Time Manufacturing207

8 QUALITY CONTROL212

8.1．Introduction212

8.2．A Bit of History213

8.3．The Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award213

8.4．Deming's Thoughts on Continuous Improvement216

8.5．Juran's Contributions to Quality Thought217

8.6．Tools for On-line vs.Off-line Quality Control218

8.7．Quality Function Deployment218

8.8．Quality Cost Systems220

8.9．Benchmarking221

8.10．Tools of Statistical Process Control223

8.10.1 Flowchart223

8.10.2 Cause-and-Effect Diagram226

8.10.3 Data Collection Form227

8.10.4 Pareto Analysis228

8.10.5 Histogram230

8.10.6 Scatter Plot232

8.10.7 Designed Experimentation233

8.11．Background on Control Charts234

8.12．Control Charts for Variables236

8.13．Sensitivity Checks for Control Charts241

8.14．Process Capability Analysis241

8.15．Control Charts for Attributes243

8.15.1 The P Control Chart243

8.15.2 The c Control Chart244

9 FINANCIAL COMPENSATION252

9.1．Introduction252

9.2．Job Analysis253

9.3．Job Evaluation254

9.3.2 Classification or Grade Description256

9.3.1 Ranking Method of Job Evaluation256

9.3.3 Factor Comparison257

9.3.4 Point Rating259

9.4．Wage Surveys262

9.5．Wage Payment266

9.5.1 Daywork267

9.5.2 Measured Daywork267

9.5.3 Piecework Incentive267

9.5.4 Standard Hour268

9.5.5 Group Plans269

10.1.1 A Brief History of Manufacturing275

10.1．The Second Industrial Revolution275

10 CAD/CAM,ROBOTICS,AND AUTOMATION275

10.1.2 Impact of Computers and Electronics277

10.1.3 Other Recent Developments277

10.1.4 The Factory of the Future278

10.2．Computer-Aided Design279

10.2.1 Computers in Product Design279

10.2.2 Computers in Process Design280

10.2.3 Computers in Electronics Design281

10.3．Computer-Aided Manufacturing282

10.3.1 Computer-Aided Process Planning282

10.3.2 Numerical Control283

10.3.3 The Concepts of Group Technology285

10.3.4 Automated Storage,Retrieval,and Handling286

10.3.5 Computer-Aided Testing and Inspection288

10.3.6 Computer-Aided Factory Management290

10.3.7 The Concepts of Flexible Manufacturing Systems290

10.4．Robotics291

10.4.1 Definition and Basic Concepts293

10.4.2 Physical and Technical Aspects of Robots293

10.4.3 Robotic Applications295

10.5．Automation296

10.6．The Promise of CIM297

10.7．Opportunities for I.E.'s298

11.1．Perspective301

11 HUMAN FACTORS301

11.2．Physiological Aspects of Human Performance302

11.3．Psychological Aspects of Human Activities304

11.4．Human Interface with the World of Work305

11.4.1 Human Interface with the Work Environment306

11.4.2 Human Interface with Machines307

11.4.3 Human Interface with Information/Communication Systems308

11.4.4 Human Interface with Organizationall Supervisory Structure308

11.4.5 Human Interface with Robots and Intelligent Machines309

12.1．Introduction312

12.1.1 Energy Management312

12 RESOURCE MANAGEMENT312

12.1.2 Water Management313

12.1.3 Hazardous Material Management313

12.1.4 This Chapter314

12.2．Energy Management314

12.2.1 Why Bother?315

12.2.2 Why Industrial Engineering?315

12.2.3 Required Ingredients315

12.2.4 Understanding Rate Schedules316

12.2.5 Alternate Rate Schedules319

12.2.6 Energy Management Opportunities319

12.3．Water Management322

12.4.1 Government Regulations324

12.4．Hazardous Material Management324

12.4.2 The Role of Industrial Engineering325

12.5．Summary327

13 FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT AND ENGINEERING ECONOMY329

13.1．Introduction329

13.2．Accounting330

13.3．Cost Accounting333

13.4．Engineering Economy336

13.5．Interest Factors337

13.5.1 Single-Payment Compound Amount Factor338

13.5.2 Other Interest Factors339

13.5.3 Examples341

13.6．Back to Gadgets—Present Worth Calculations343

13.7．Impact of the Computer on Accounting and Engineering Economy345

14 DETERMINISTIC OPERATIONS RESEARCH349

14.1．Introduction—Definition349

14.2．Similarity to Industrial Engineering350

14.3．Nature of Operations Research351

14.3.1 Economic Order Quantity351

14.3.2 Plant Location351

14 3.3 Job Evaluation352

14.3.4 Quality Control352

14.3.5 Others352

14.4．Categorization of Operations Research352

14.4.2 Probabilistic Approach353

14.4.1 Deterministic Approach353

14.6．Mathematical Programming354

14.5．Deterministic Operations Research354

14.7．Unconstrained Optimization355

14.8．Linear Programming362

14.8.1 Assignment Problem367

14.8.2 Transportation Problem369

14.9．Other Techniques372

14.9.1 Nonlinear Programming372

14.9.5 Geometric Programming373

14.10．Impact of Computers373

14.9.6 Other Programming373

14.9.4 Quadratic Programming373

14.9.3 Zero-One Programming373

14.9.2 Integer Programming373

15 PROBABILISTIC MODELS378

15.1．Introduction378

15.2．Queueing Theory378

15.2.1 Queueing System Structure379

15.2.2 Queueing Notation380

15.2.3 Single-Service Channel381

15.3．Inventory Control384

15 3.1 Single-Period Model—No Setup Cost384

15.3.2 Lot Size-Reorder Point Models387

15.3.3 Periodic Review Models388

15.4．Markov Chains389

15.4.1 Regular Markov Chains390

15.4.2 Absorbing Markov Chains392

15.5．Impact of Statistics and Computers393

16 SIMULATION396

16.1．Introduction396

16.2．Simulation Examples397

16.3．Random Number Generation403

16.4．Time-Flow Mechanism407

16.5．Simulation Languages407

17.1．Introduction411

17 PROJECT MANAGEMENT411

17.2．Project Planning Networks413

17.3．Critical Path Method415

17.3.1 Forward Pass417

17.3.2 Backward Pass417

17.3.3 Total Activity Slack419

17.3.4 Critical Path419

17.4．Program Evaluation and Review Technique419

17.5．Time-Cost Trade-offs424

17.6．Resource Leveling429

18.1．Introduction432

18 SYSTEMS CONCEPTS432

Part 3 Integrated Systems Design432

18.2．Introduction to Systems Thinking433

18.2.1 Origin ofSystems Thinking433

18.2.2 Hierarchical Nature of Systems434

18.3．Definitions and Terminology436

18.4．Systems Engineering440

18.4.1 Systems Analysis and Design440

18.4.2 The Systems Design Process440

18.5．System Representation442

18.5.1 Block Diagrams442

18.5.2 Transfer Functions443

19.1．Introduction and Perspective448

19 MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS DESIGN448

19.2．A Systems View of an Organization449

19.2.1 Gaining a Perspective449

19.2.2 Finding a Starting Point450

19.2.3 Universal Outcome Goals452

19.2.4 Determining Goals and Objectives453

19.2.5 A Unified Framework454

19.3．Organization Design456

19.3.1 Specification of Objectives458

19.3.2 Determination of Functions459

19.3.3 Grouping the Functions459

19.3.6 Management Controls460

19.3.4 Functional Objectives460

19.3.5 Job Descriptions460

19.3.7 Organization Design Is Continuous and Dynamic461

19.3.8 Organization Structures461

19.3.9 Coordination within the Organization462

19.3.10 Keeping the Design Current463

19.4．Providing Management Controls463

19.5．The Organization Life Cycle464

19.5.1 Life Cycle Stages of an Organization464

19.5.2 Organizational Renewal and Redesign465

19.5.3 The Learning Organization466

20.1．Perspective469

20 COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS469

20.2．Basic Concepts of Information Systems470

20.3．The Process of Designing Information Systems472

20.3.1 Feasibility Study472

20.3.2 Systems Analysis472

20.3.3 General Systems Design474

20.3.4 Systems Evaluation and Justification474

20 3.5 Detail Systems Design475

20.3.6 Systems Implementation475

20.3.7 Systems Operation and Maintenance476

20.4．Data-Base Management Systems476

20.5．Data Communications Networks479

21 PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT483

21.1．Introduction483

21.2．Selection,Testing,and Placement484

21.3．Performance Appraisal,Training,Education,and Promotions486

21.4．Job Analysis and Description490

21.5．Labor Relations490

21.6．Safety Programs492

21.7．Benefits and Services493

21.8．Motivation,Supervision,and Communications494

20.8.1 Motivation494

20.8.2 Supervision496

20.8 3 Communications497

21.9．Engineering Management498

Appendices501

A PROBABITITY AND STATISTICS501

A.1．Introduction501

A.2．Basic Probability Theory502

A.2.1 Sample Space502

A.2.2 Events502

A.2.3 Probability of an Event503

A.2.4 Rules of Operation503

A.2.5 Combinations504

A.3．Random Variables505

A.4．Estimating Probabilities506

A.5．Some Important Probability Distributions508

A.5.1 Discrete Distribution Properties509

A.5.2 Binomial Distribution509

A.5.3 Poisson Distribution511

A.5.4 Uniform Distribution513

A.5.5 Continuous Distribution Properties514

A.5.6 Normal Distribution514

A.5.7 Exponential Distribution516

A.5.8 Rectangular Distribution516

A.5.9 Distribution Summary517

A.6.2 Variance518

A.6.1 Mean518

A.6．Expected Values and Variability518

A.7．Populations and Samples520

A.7.1 Population520

A.7.2 Sample521

A.7.3 Sample Statistics521

A.7.4 Distribution of Sample Means522

A.8．Central Limit Theorem523

B TABLES527

Table B.1．Poisson Distribution—Cumulative528

Table B.2．Normal Distribution—Cumulative531

INDEX533