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Chapter Ⅰ Introduction2

Section A:Exposition Texts2

A1.Geography2

A2.The Formation of the Union4

A3.Population Trends9

A4.Economy11

A5.Class13

American City:New York City15

Section B:Exploitation Activities15

B1.Pair work15

B2.Individual work17

B3.Research projects17

B4.Ask Americans17

Section C:Extension Tasks18

Feature:Traditional American Values18

Further Reading19

Useful Websites20

Supplementary Reading20

People and Culture:Diversity and Convergence20

Glossary23

Chapter Ⅱ The Constitution and the Government System26

Section A:Exposition Texts26

A1.The Articles of Confederation26

A2.The Constitution26

A3.The Selling of the Constitution29

A4.The Structure of the Federal Government29

A5.The Federal System32

A6.Bureaucracies33

American City:Washington D.C33

Section B:Exploitation Activities34

B1.Individual work34

B2.Pair work35

B3.Group work35

B4.Research project36

Section C:Extension Tasks36

C1.Feature:James Madison and the Federalist Papers36

C2.Four Basic Principles of the Constitution37

C3.The Grid—Order Upon the Land37

Further Reading38

Useful Websites38

Supplementary Reading38

1.Popular Members of an Unpopular Congress?38

2.The Fourteen Government Departments and Some of the Sixty Independent Agencies39

Glossary40

Chapter Ⅲ The Amendments42

Section A:Exposition Texts42

A1.The Bill of Rights42

A2.The Remaining Amendments44

A3.Amendment Proposal and Ratification45

A4.Illustrations of the Amendments46

American City:Philadelphia48

Section B:Exploitation Activities49

B1.Individual work49

B2.Pair work50

B3.Group work50

B4.Research project51

B5.Essay topics51

Section C:Extension Tasks53

Feature:The Story of the Equal Rights Amendment:a Sexist Society?53

Further Reading55

Useful Websites55

Supplementary Reading:Constitutional Change55

Glossary56

Chapter Ⅳ Education58

Section A:Exposition Texts58

A1.American Perception of Education58

A2.Elementary and Secondary Education59

A3.Higher Education63

American City:Boston66

Section B:Exploitation Activities67

B1.Individual work67

B2.Pair work68

B3.Group work70

B4.Research projects71

Section C:Extension Tasks71

C1.Feature:Community Colleges71

C2.The Divided Campus72

Further Reading73

Useful Websites73

Supplementary Reading74

School Districts and Their Boards of Education74

Glossary74

Chapter Ⅴ Immigration and Ethnicity77

Section A:Exposition Texts77

A1.Introduction77

A2.Melting Pot vs.Salad Bowl78

A3.American Immigration Policies79

A4.The Changing Face of Ethnicity in America81

A5.Affirmative Action81

American City:Los Angeles82

Section B:Exploitation Activities83

B1.Individual work83

B2.Pair work83

B3.Group discussion84

B4.Essay topic86

Section C:Extension Tasks86

C1.Feature:Martin Luther King,Jr.and Civil Disobedience86

C2.Native Americans and Hispanics88

Further Reading89

Useful Websites89

Supplementary Reading89

Discrimination and Barriers to Equal Opportunity for Asian Americans in the 1990s:Some Contributory Factors89

Glossary92

Chapter Ⅵ Family and Personal Relationships94

Section A:Exposition Texts94

A1.What Is Family94

A2.Marriage95

A3.Class and Family96

A4.Family Life97

A5.Divorce and Cohabitation99

A6.Homeownership100

American City:Miami102

Section B:Exploitation Activities103

B1.Group discussion103

B2.Pair work103

B3.Essay topics104

B4.Ask Americans105

Section C:Extension Tasks105

C1.Feature:Family Financial Picture:Are They Middle-Class?105

C2.The Centrality of Marriage Under the Federal Law107

C3.Do Gay People Have Rights?108

Further Reading109

Useful Websites109

Supplementary Reading109

1.Housing Types in America Can Be Divided into Several Basic Categories109

2.American Housing Standards110

Glossary110

Chapter Ⅶ Domestic Economy113

Section A:Exposition Texts113

A1.Introduction:Macroeconomic Policy113

A2.Microeconomic Policy116

A3.The General Economic Situation after World War Ⅱ and a Transformed Economic Structure117

A4.U.S.Financial Markets120

A5.Aspects of Corporations and Small Businesses122

A6.U.S.Foreign Trade124

A7.Tax Policy127

American City:Chicago130

Section B:Exploitation Activities130

B1.Individual work130

B2.Pair work131

B3.Ask Americans131

B4.Research projects132

Section C:Extension Tasks133

C1.Feature:The Downsizing of America133

C2.The Service Economy in the U.S.A134

Further Reading135

Useful Websites135

Supplementary Reading135

NAFTA and Other Regional Economic Integration in North America135

Glossary136

Chapter ⅤⅢ Social Welfare139

Section A:Exposition Texts139

A1.Poverty and the Development of the Welfare State139

A2.Social Welfare up to 1996141

A3.The Reform of 1996 and the Changing Attitudes145

A4.Government Subsidized Housing149

American City:Richmond149

Section B:Exploitation Activities150

B1.Individual work150

B2.Research projects150

B3.Group work151

B4.Essay topic151

Section C:Extension Tasks151

C1.Feature:Why the Fuss about AFDC151

C2.Life Begins at Sixty-five?152

Further Reading153

Useful Websites153

Supplementary Reading153

Native Americans and Social Welfare153

Glossary154

Chapter Ⅸ Political Parties and Interest Groups156

Section A:Exposition Texts156

A1.The Evolution of Two-Party Democracy156

A2.Party Functions157

A3.Traditional Images of the Two Parties159

A4.Voting Behavior160

A5.Interest Groups162

A6.Means of Political Participation163

American City:San Francisco163

Section B:Exploitation Activities164

B1.Individual work164

B2.Pair work164

B3.Essay topic165

B4.Ask Americans166

Section C:Extension Tasks166

C1.Feature:What's So Special About Disabled Veterans?166

C2.How Political Parties and Interest Groups Differ167

Further Reading168

Useful Websites168

Supplementary Reading168

1.Third Parties and Independent Candidates in the American System168

2.Some of the Major Organized Interest Groups by Type169

Glossary170

Chapter Ⅹ Work173

Section A:Exposition Texts173

A1.A Portrait of the U.S.Labor Market Today173

A2.Job Security and the Service Sector176

A3.The Minimum Wage and Unemployment177

A4.The Graying of the Workforce179

A5.Telecommuting and Changes in the World of Work180

American City:Plano181

Section B:Exploitation Activities182

B1.Individual work182

B2.Pair work182

B3.Essay topics183

B4.Research project185

Section C:Extension Tasks185

Feature:The Internet and the Workplace185

Further Reading186

Useful Websites186

Supplementary Reading:Geography of the Industrial Sectors186

Glossary188

Chapter Ⅺ The Print Media190

Section A:Exposition Texts190

A1.Newspapers190

A2.Magazines191

A3.Ownership of the Print Media193

A4.Online—a New Format194

A5.Print Media in the Electronic Age195

American City:New Orleans195

Section B:Exploitation Activities196

B1.Pair work196

B2.Individual work196

B3.Research projects197

B4.Essay topics198

Section C:Extension Tasks199

C1.Feature:Esquire,an Introduction to the Current State of the Magazine Industry199

C2.The Impact of USA Today199

C3.Journalism as a Political Issue200

C4.U.S.Supreme Court:Freelancers Control Whether Their Print Articles May Be Reproduced Electronically200

Further Reading200

Useful Websites201

Supplementary Reading201

1.The Publishing Industry201

2.The Three Newspaper Giants and Yellow Journalism202

3.A Determined Reporter202

Glossary203

Chapter Ⅻ The Electronic Media205

Section A:Exposition Texts205

A1.A General Introduction205

A2.Maturity of TV and Its Effects on American Leisure206

A3.The Three Giant Networks and the Organization of the Traditional Television Industry206

A4.What Americans Watch on TV208

A5.Media Controls—Laws and Regulations209

A6.The Internet211

American City:Cleveland212

Section B:Exploitation Activities212

B1.Individual work212

B2.Pair work213

B3.Research project214

B4.Essay topic214

Section C:Extension Tasks216

C1.Feature:Presidential Election and TV216

C2.The Film Industry Since the 1960s217

C3.Virtual Reality218

Further Reading219

Useful Websites219

Supplementary Reading219

Rock and Roll:Its Birth and Recent Trends219

Glossary220

Chapter ⅩⅢ Leisure and Recreation223

Section A:Exposition Texts223

A1.Trends in Leisure Time223

A2.Sports and Campus Recreation225

A3.Indoor and"Invisible"Leisure Activities228

A4.Theme Parks230

A5.Factors that Promote Leisure and Recreation231

A6.Leisure-Service Agencies232

A7.Trends Affecting Leisure in the 21st Century234

American City:Memphis234

Section B:Exploitation Activities235

B1.Pair work235

B2.Group work235

B3.Debating topic235

B4.Research projects236

B5.Individual work236

Section C:Extension Tasks236

C1.Feature:Disneyland,More Than an Entertainment Empire236

C2.The Federal Government's Role in Recreation238

Further Reading239

Useful Websites239

Supplementary Reading:Martha's Vineyard239

Glossary239

Chapter ⅩⅣ Tourism and Holidays242

Section A:Exposition Texts242

A1.Tourism,a Major Industry242

A2.Who Are the Tourists245

A3.Leisure Plus Travel246

A4.Tourism Organization248

A5.Tourist Attractions249

A6.Holidays in the U.S.A250

American City:Atlantic City254

Section B:Exploitation Activities255

B1.Individual work255

B2.Pair work255

B3.Research projects257

B4.Debating topic257

Section C:Extension Tasks257

C1.Feature:Las Vegas and Casinos in the U.S257

C2.National Parks259

Further Reading260

Useful Websites260

Supplementary Reading260

Top States and Cities Visited by Oversears Travelers,1999261

Glossary261

Chapter ⅩⅤ Justice and the Law263

Section A:Exposition Texts263

A1.Judicial Independence263

A2.Essentials of Law266

A3.Types of Courts267

A4.Judges268

A5.The Legal Profession271

A6.Access to Legal Services273

A7.The Apparatus of Justice274

A8.Problems with the American Criminal Justice System277

American City:Atlanta278

Section B:Exploitation Activities279

B1.Individual work279

B2.Pair work279

B3.Pair work279

B4.Group discussion280

B5.Essay topics281

Section C:Extension Tasks281

C1.Feature:Race and Criminal Justice281

C2.Court-ordered School Busing:Is it Successful in Achieving Integration in Education?282

Further Reading283

Useful Websites283

Supplementary Reading283

Litigation and American Culture283

Glossary284

Chapter ⅩⅥ Crime and the Police286

Section A:Exposition Texts286

A1.General Introduction:Crime in America286

A2.Why Most Americans Live in Fear287

A3.Crime Policy in the U.S288

A4.Firearms Violence and Gun Control Legislation290

A5.Drug Offenses291

A6.Juvenile Crime and the Juvenile Court292

A7.Community Policing,a New Approach to Make America Safer293

American City:Santa Fe295

Section B:Exploitation Activities295

B1.Pair work295

B2.Group discussion296

B3.Essay topics296

B4.Research project296

Section C:Extension Tasks297

C1.Feature:Police Abuse and Racial Discrimination297

C2.Changing Attitude about Imprisonment298

C3.The Eight-hour Shift299

Further Reading299

Useful Websites299

Supplementary Reading:The Federal Bureau of Investigation299

Glossary301

Chapter ⅩⅦ America and the World303

Section A:Exposition Texts303

A1.Foreign Affairs Bureaucracy303

A2.The Foreign Policymaking Process304

A3.America in the Cold War306

A4.The Post-Cold War Era310

A5.The Middle East:a Multilateral Peace Process312

A6.Terrorism and Counterterrorism313

American City:Denver314

Section B:Exploitation Activities315

B1.Individual work315

B2.Pair work315

B3.Essay topics316

Section C:Extension Tasks316

C1.Feature:The United Nations and U.S.Domestic Politics316

C2.The Persian Gulf War317

C3.The Media and Foreign Policy317

Further Reading318

Useful Websites318

Supplementary Reading:Foreign Policy Interest Groups:Proliferation and Intensification318

Glossary319

Chapter ⅩⅧ Belief and Religion322

Section A:Exposition Texts322

A1.How Religious Are Americans?322

A2.Major Themes in the Development of American Religions323

A3.20th Century Diversity and Pluralism324

A4.The Changing Religious Landscape329

A5.Religious Problems in the U.S330

American City:Salt Lake City331

Section B:Exploitation Activities332

B1.Pair work332

B2.Group discussion332

B3.Ask Americans333

B4.Individual work333

Section C:Extension Tasks334

Feature:Freedom vs Order:When Christmas Conflicts with Diversity334

Further Reading335

Useful Websites335

Supplementary Reading:Confidence in U.S.Institutions335

Glossary336

Appendixes338

Ⅰ.The Declaration of Independence338

Ⅱ.The Constitution of the United States of America340

Ⅲ.Admission of States into the Union355