商务法律英语【2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载】

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1美国法律制度1

Understanding the American Legal System3

Colonies of England3

The Articles of Confederation4

The Constitution of the United States4

The Executive Branch Has the Power to Approve New Laws and toConduct Foreign Affairs5

The Legislative Branch Has the Exclusive Power to Make Laws6

The Judicial Branch Has the Power to Enforce and Interpret the Laws6

Vocabulary8

Exercises9

2法庭和诉讼语言13

The Organization of Courts and Judicial Review15

The California Court System16

The Language of Lawsuits17

Jurisdiction of the Courts20

How a Common Law System Is Different From a Civil Law System21

Vocabulary22

Exercises24

3合同：合同的成立31

What is the Difference Between a ’ Promise’and a ’ Contract’ ？33

The Elements of a Contract33

The Offer34

The Acceptance34

The Counteroffer34

Identifying the Parties35

Limited Offers36

Terminating Offers37

Legality of Offers39

Offers Must be Defiinite and Certain40

Other Methods of Acceptance： Bilateral and Unilateral Contracts40

Consideration41

A Substitute for Consideration—Detrimental Reliance43

Vocabulary45

Exercises45

4合同：合同成立中的问题51

Problems with Formation of Contracts53

Mutuality of Agreement—a Meeting of the Minds53

Competence of the Parties54

Intent to Make a Contract56

Defenses to Contract Formation —When an Agreement is Not Really an Agreement58

Statute of Frauds—Contracts That Must Be Written60

Vocabulary62

Exercises62

5合同：变更、履行和违约69

Changing the Contract71

Amendment of the Contract71

Assignment， Delegation， and Novation72

Novation73

Third Party Benefiiciary Contracts74

Breach of Contract—What Happens When the Contract is Not Performed76

Material and Immaterial Breach76

Anticipatory Breach78

Remedies for Breach of Contract79

Specific Performance—When Money Damages Do Not Remedy the Problem81

Two Limits on Breach of Contract Damages81

Vocabulary84

Exercises85

6侵权：故意侵权91

What is a Tort？93

Personal Intentional Torts94

Assault and Battery94

Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress95

False Imprisonment96

Defamation97

Invasion of Privacy98

Public Disclosure of Private Facts99

Use of Name or Picture for Commercial Purpose99

Intrusion into Private Places100

False Light101

Trespass101

Vocabulary103

Exercises103

7侵权：过失侵权和严格责任111

Negligence113

Causation113

Foreseeability Rule113

Strict Liability115

Non-Natural Materials115

Dangerous Activities116

Products Liability117

Vocabulary119

Exercises120

8侵权：损害赔偿和抗辩127

Damages for Torts129

Compensatory Damages for Negligence130

Damages for Intentional Torts131

Assault and Battery131

Intentional Infiiction of Emotional Distress131

False Imprisonment131

Defamation132

Invasion of Privacy132

Punitive Damages132

Limits on Punitive Damages134

Defenses to Torts135

Assumption of the Risk135

Comparative Negligence136

Superseding Cause137

Consent137

Self-Defense137

Necessity137

Truth as a Defense to Defamation137

Vocabulary138

Exercises138

9不动产：所有权145

What is Real Property？147

Subterranean Rights and Air Rights148

Ownership of Real Property149

The Transfer of Ownership of Real Propertv150

Freehold Estates： Fee Simple Ownership150

Freehold Estates： Conditional Fee Simple150

Freehold Estates： Life Estates151

Vocabulary153

Exercises154

10不动产：占有和使用161

Interests in Real Property Without Ownership163

Leasehold Estates163

Leasehold Estates： Tenancy for Years164

Leasehold Estates： Periodic Tenancy164

Leasehold Estates： Tenancy at Sufferance165

Leasehold Estates： Transferring the Lease165

Rights to Use Another’s Real Property167

Licenses167

Easements168

Profits169

Transfer of Ownership Against the Propety Owner’s Will169

Adverse Possession169

Eminent Domain171

Vocabulary172

Exercises173

11知识产权：著作权179

The Business of Creativity181

What is Copyright？181

A Short History of Copyright182

The Public Domain183

The Exclusive Rights of a Copyright Owner184

The First Sale Doctrine186

Fair Use187

Infringement of Copyright190

Substantial Similarity190

Remedies for Copyright Infringement190

Injunctions192

Vocabulary192

Exercises193

12知识产权：专利和商业秘密201

Patents203

Requirements to Obtain a Patent203

Are Business Methods Patentable or Not？204

Design Patents205

Trade Secrets206

Vocabulary209

Exercises209

13知识产权：商标213

What is a Trademark？215

Acquiring Ownership of a Trademark215

Geographic Limitations on Ownership216

Advantages of Registration with the U.S.Trademark Offce217

The Duration of Trademarks218

Fair Use of Trademarks219

Trademarks and the Internet220

Lawsuits for Trademark Infringement and Trademark Dilution220

Vocabulary222

Exercises222

14商事组织：独资企业和合伙229

Sole Proprietorships—the Simplest Business Organization231

Advantages of a Sole Proprietorship231

Disadvantages of a Sole Proprietorship231

Partnerships233

Advantages of a Partnership234

Disadvantages of a Partnership235

The Duties of the Partners to Each Other236

Joint Ventures237

Vocabulary238

Exercises238

15商事组织：公司和有限责任公司245

Corporations247

The Ownership and Management of a Corporation247

How a Corporation Is Created249

Advantages of a Corporation251

Disadvantages of a Corporation253

Limited Liability Companies255

Disadvantages of a Limited Liability Company256

Vocabulary257

Exercises258