物理 第1册【2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载】

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Preface　1

Mechanics2

Chapter 1　Force　2

Ⅰ Force3

Ⅱ Gravitational force4

Ⅲ Elastic force7

Ⅳ　Frictional force10

Readings　Fluid resistance13

Ⅴ　Composition of forces15

Ⅵ　Resolution of force17

Chapter 2 Rectilinear motion22

Ⅰ Mechanical motion23

Ⅱ　The relationship between displacement and time27

Ⅲ　Description of speed of motion Velocity29

Readings　How to understand instantaneous velocity30

Ⅳ　The relationship between velocity and time32

Ⅴ　Description of the change of velocity Acceleration34

Ⅵ　Laws of uniform variable rectilinear motion36

Readings　An alternative derivation of the displacement equation38

Ⅶ　Application of the laws of uniform variable rectilinear motion40

Ⅷ　Free-fall motion43

Readings　How Galileo studied free-fall motion46

Chapter 3　Newton's laws of motion52

Ⅰ Newton s first law53

Readings　Einstein talked about the contributions of Galileo55

Ⅱ Change in state of a motion57

Ⅲ Newton's second law59

Ⅳ Newton's third law64

Ⅴ Unit system of mechanics66

Ⅵ　Application of Newton's laws of motion68

Readings　Measuring mass in a way of dynamics71

Ⅶ　Overweight and weightlessness72

Readings　Weightlessness and space exploitation74

Ⅷ　The inertial and noninertial systems76

Ⅸ　The applicability of Newton's laws of motion79

Chapter 4　Equilibrium of objects　84

Ⅰ Equilibrium of an object acted on by concurrent forces85

Ⅱ Application of the equilibrium condition of concurrent forces86

Ⅲ　Equilibrium with a fixed rotational axis88

Ⅳ Application of the equilibrium condition of moments91

Readings　Kinds of equilibriums Stability93

Chapter 5　Curvilinear motion98

Ⅰ Curvilinear motion99

Ⅱ Composition and resolution of motion102

Ⅲ　Motion of horizontally projected objects105

Ⅳ Uniform circular motion110

Ⅴ　Centripetal force Centripetal acceleration113

Readings　The derivation of the equation of centripetal acceleration116

Ⅵ Analysis of practical examples of uniform circular motion118

Ⅶ　Centrifugal phenomenon and its application120

Chapter 6　The law of universal gravitation　126

Ⅰ　Planetary motion127

Ⅱ　The law of universal gravitation128

Ⅲ　The measurement of gravitational constant131

Ⅳ Applications of the law of universal gravitation in astronomy133

Ⅴ Artificial satellite Cosmic velocity134

Readings　Black hole135

Ⅵ　Planets,stars,galaxies and the universe137

Chapter 7　Momentum　142

Ⅰ Impulse and momentum143

Ⅱ　Theorem of momentum146

Ⅲ The law of conservation of momentum150

Ⅳ　Applications of the law of conservation of momentum153

Ⅴ Recoil motion Rocket156

Readings　The development of space technology and space flight159

Chapter 8　Mechanical energy　164

Ⅰ Work165

Readings Work done by a varying force168

Ⅱ　Power169

Ⅲ　Work and energy171

Ⅳ　Kinetic energy Theorem of kinetic energy172

Ⅴ Gravitational potential energy177

Ⅵ　The law of conservation of mechanical energy180

Ⅶ Applications of the law of conservation of mechanical energy183

Ⅷ　Bernoulli's equation187

Chapter 9　Mechanical vibration　196

Ⅰ Simple harmonic motion197

Ⅱ Amplitude,period and frequency200

Ⅲ Graphs of simple harmonic motion202

Readings　Tone and scale204

Ⅳ　Simple pendulum207

Ⅴ　Phase211

Readings　The phase of the moon214

Ⅵ　The energy of simple harmonic motion Damped vibration214

Ⅶ Forced vibration Resonance216

Student's experiments224

Ⅰ Measurement of length227

Ⅱ　Testing the parallelogram rule of force231

Ⅲ　Practice using the dotting timer232

Ⅳ Analysis of uniform variable rectilinear motion235

Ⅴ Analysis of projectile motion238

Ⅵ　Testing the law of conservation of momentum239

Ⅶ　Testing the law of conservation of mechanical energy241

Ⅷ Analysis of the relationship between the elastic force and the stretched length of a spring243

Ⅸ Measuring gravitational acceleration with a simple pendulum244

Ⅹ　Testing the law of conservation of momentum with the air cushion guide245

Topic studies248

1．Experiment:Analysis of the factors influencing sliding friction249

2．Study report:Mechanical knowledge of a kitchen knife249

3．Scientific and technical creation:Developing water"rocket"249

4．Study report:The advantages and disadvantages of wheels held tightly during braking249

5．Experiment:The relationship between the period of a spring oscillator and the mass of the ball249

Appendix250

Ⅰ Système International(SI)250

Ⅱ　Table of some English-Chinese terms252