国际结算 国际贸易融资支付方法 英文版【2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载】

国际结算 国际贸易融资支付方法 英文版PDF格式电子书版下载

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1 Introduction1

1.1 The term"International Settlement"1

1.2 Why should we study this course in English?2

1.3 The meaning of international settlement2

1.4 The evolution of international settlement4

1.4.1 From cash settlement to non-cash settlement4

1.4.2 From direct payment to indirect payment5

1.4.3 From simple price terms to complex price terms6

1.4.4 From paper documents to electronic documents8

1.5 Main methods of international settlement14

1.5.1 The players and their roles14

1.5.2 Factors in the payment decision15

1.5.3 Types of payment techniques16

1.6 Related international customs and practice21

1.7 Correspondent banking relationship22

1.7.1 Banking institutions22

1.7.2 The establishment of a correspondent banking relationship25

2 Negotiable instruments30

2.1 General introduction30

2.1.1 What is a negotiable instrument?30

2.1.2 Characteristics of negotiable instruments30

2.1.3 Functions of negotiable instruments32

2.1.4 Negotiable instrument laws33

2.1.5 Parties to a negotiable instrument34

2.1.6 The relationship of the parties to a negotiable instrument38

2.2 Bills of exchange40

2.2.1 What is a bill of exchange?40

2.2.2 Essential items required in a bill of exchange41

2.2.3 Acts relating to a bill of exchange49

2.2.4 Classification of bills of exchange68

2.3 Promissory notes69

2.3.1 What is a promissory note?69

2.3.2 Essential items of a promissory note70

2.3.3 Joint and several notes71

2.3.4 Differences between a bill and a note73

2.3.5 Types of notes74

2.4 Cheques75

2.4.1 What is a cheque?75

2.4.2 Essential items of a cheque76

2.4.3 Types of cheques76

2.4.4 Differences between a bill and a cheque80

3 Remittance81

3.1 What is a remittance?81

3.2 Basic parties to a remittance81

3.2.1 Remitter81

3.2.2 Remitting bank82

3.2.3 Paying bank82

3.2.4 Payee or beneficiary83

3.3 Types of remittance83

3.3.1 Mail transfer83

3.3.2 Telegraphic transfer84

3.3.3 Demand draft84

3.4 Reimbursement of remittance cover85

3.5 Application of remittance in international trade87

3.5.1 Cash in advance87

3.5.2 Open account88

4 Collection90

4.1 What is a collection?90

4.2 Basic parties to a collection91

4.2.1 Principal/drawer91

4.2.2 Remitting bank93

4.2.3 Collecting bank94

4.2.4 Presenting bank94

4.2.5 Drawee95

4.2.6 Relationship between the parties95

4.3 Types of collection96

4.3.1 Clean collection96

4.3.2 Documentary collection97

4.4 Terms of releasing documents97

4.4.1 Documents against payment(D/P)97

4.4.2 Documents against acceptance(D/A)98

4.5 Direct collection99

4.6 Procedures of a documentary collection transaction100

4.7 Banks' liabilities and disclaimers under a collection101

4.8 Financing provided by banks under a collection103

4.8.1 Financing provided by the remitting bank to the exporter103

4.8.2 Financing provided by the collecting bank to the importer104

4.9 Problems frequently arising from a collection106

4.9.1 Problems relating to insurance106

4.9.2 Special collection customs or usages106

4.9.3 Negative events that may occur to the exporter107

5 Letters of credit109

5.1 What is a letter of credit?109

5.2 Characteristics of a letter of credit110

5.2.1 A written undertaking on the part of the issuing bank110

5.2.2 Independent of the sales contract111

5.2.3 Exclusively dealing with documents111

5.3 Parties to a letter of credit112

5.3.1 Applicant112

5.3.2 Issuing bank112

5.3.3 Beneficiary113

5.3.4 Advising bank/transmitting bank114

5.3.5 Confirming bank114

5.3.6 Paying bank/accepting bank115

5.3.7 Negotiating bank116

5.3.8 Claiming bank116

5.3.9 Reimbursing bank117

5.4 Procedures of a documentary credit operation117

5.5 Contents of a letter of credit125

5.6 Examination of a documentary credit129

5.7 Types of credit139

5.7.1 Revocable credit139

5.7.2 Irrevocable credit140

5.7.3 Confirmed irrevocable credit140

5.7.4 Sight payment credit142

5.7.5 Acceptance credit142

5.7.6 Deferred payment credit144

5.7.7 Negotiation credit145

5.7.8 Straight credit146

5.7.9 Anticipatory credit147

5.7.10 Transferable credit149

5.7.11 Back-to-back credit150

5.7.12 Revolving credit150

5.7.13 Reciprocal credit152

5.7.14 Standby credit154

5.8 Financing provided by banks under a letter of credit154

5.8.1 Financing provided to the exporter154

5.8.2 Financing provided to the importer157

5.9 Letters of credit and other payment methods158

6 Standby letters of credit161

6.1 What is a standby letter of credit?161

6.2 Differences between a standby L/C and a commercial L/C162

6.3 Characteristics of a standby credit164

6.4 Types of standby credits165

7 Bank guarantees168

7.1 What is a letter of guarantee?168

7.2 Basic parties to a bank guarantee169

7.3 Direct and indirect guarantees170

7.4 Types of guarantees171

7.5 Contents of a bank guarantee174

7.5.1 Basic contents of a bank guarantee174

7.5.2 Basic contents of a counter guarantee175

7.5.3 Additional clauses of a bank guarantee176

7.6 Procedures of a bank guarantee operation182

8 International factoring188

8.1 Origin and evolution of factoring188

8.2 What is factoring?190

8.3 Basic parties and procedures of international factoring192

8.4 Types of factoring194

8.4.1 Maturity factoring and financed factoring194

8.4.2 Disclosed factoring and undisclosed factoring194

8.4.3 Single factoring and co-factoring195

8.5 Services provided to the exporter by a factor195

8.5.1 Credit investigation195

8.5.2 Collection of proceeds197

8.5.3 Maintenance of the sales ledger197

8.5.4 Risk protection198

8.5.5 Payment on account198

8.6 Legal framework for factoring transactions199

8.7 The role of factoring in international trade199

8.8 Factoring and its prospects in China200

9 International forfaiting205

9.1 The evolution of forfaiting205

9.2 What is forfaiting?208

9.2.1 The meaning of forfaiting208

9.2.2 Parties to a forfaiting finance transaction210

9.2.3 Characteristics and documentation of forfaiting211

9.2.4 Costs of forfaiting finance213

9.3 The procedures of a forfaiting transaction215

9.4 Primary and secondary forfaiting markets219

9.5 Forfaiting vs. other trade financing methods219

9.5.1 Forfaiting vs. officially supported export credits219

9.5.2 Forfaiting vs. factoring220

9.5.3 Forfaiting vs. invoice discounting220

9.6 Forfaiting in China221

10 Documents223

10.1 General introduction223

10.1.1 Types of doeuments223

10.1.2 Roles of documents224

10.2 Drafts drawn under a letter of credit224

10.2.1 Characteristics of drafts drawn under a letter of credit224

10.2.2 Examination of drafts drawn under a letter of credit225

10.2.3 Frequently found discrepancies with drafts227

10.3 Commercial invoices227

10.3.1 Contents of commercial invoices228

10.3.2 Frequently found discrepancies with invoices229

10.3.3 Other invoices230

10.4 Bills of lading231

10.4.1 Basic parties to a bill of lading231

10.4.2 Main contents of a bill of lading232

10.4.3 Types of bills of lading233

10.4.4 Frequently found discrepancies with a bill of lading237

10.4.5 Other transport documents239

10.5 Insurance documents239

10.5.1 Types of marine cargo transport insurance239

10.5.2 Checking of an insurance policy under a letter of credit241

10.6 Certificates of origin246

10.7 Inspection certificate248

10.8 Other documents248

11 International customs and practices250

11.1 An overview250

11.1.1 Definition and characteristics250

11.1.2 Creation and development252

11.1.3 Comparison of some concepts254

11.2 Rules relating to price terms257

11.2.1 Warsaw-Oxford Rules 1932257

11.2.2 Revised American Foreign Trade Definition 1941257

11.2.3 Incoterms 2000257

11.3 Rules on ocean bills of lading259

11.3.1 The Hague Rules259

11.3.2 The Hague-Visby Rules260

11.3.3 The Hamburg Rules260

11.4 Rules,customs and practices related to international settlement261

11.4.1 URC 522261

11.4.2 UCP 500 and eUCP 1.0262

11.4.3 UCP 600 and eUCP 1.1265

11.4.4 ISP 98267

11.4.5 URCG 325268

11.4.6 URDG 458269

11.4.7 URR 525269

11.4.8 URCB 524270

11.4.9 GRIF270

11.4.10 ISBP271

11.5 Application of international customs and practices in China271

Glossary274

References284

Postscript286

后记289