当代商学概论 英文版【2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载】

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Chapter 1 Contemporary Business:Some Basic Concepts1

1.1 Foundation of Contemporary Business1

1.1.1 Business and business activities2

1.1.2　Business and business people5

1.2 Economic Forces Affecting Business6

1.2.1　Competition6

1.2.2　Supply and demand7

1.3　The Business Environment9

1.3.1 The socio-cultural environment9

1.3.2 The economic environment10

1.3.3 The political environment11

1.3.4 The technological environment12

1.3.5 The competitive environment12

1.3.6 The physical environment13

1.3.7 The global business environment13

1.4 How Government Affects Business Activities14

Chapter 2 Sole Proprietorship and Partnership17

2.1 Aspects of Small Businesses18

2.1.1 Some basic facts about small businesses18

2.1.2 Get prepared to leap into your business18

2.1.3 Three common ways of establishing a small business20

2.1.4 Small business operations and management22

2.1.5 Contributions of small business to the society24

2.2 Entrepreneurs and Entrepreneurship25

2.2.1 Entrepreneurs and entrepreneurial teams26

2.2.2 Entrepreneurial characteristics:personal qualities of an entrepreneur27

2.3 Sole Proprietorship30

2.3.1 Advantages of sole proprietorship30

2.3.2 Disadvantages of sole proprietorship31

2.4 Partnership33

2.4.1 Major types of partnership33

2.4.2 Steps of establishing a partnership34

2.4.3 Elements of a good partnership agreement35

2.4.4 Advantages and disadvantages of partnership36

Chapter 3 Corporation Start-up and Expansion　39

3.1 Basic Aspects of Corporations39

3.1.1 Corporations and their common characteristics39

3.1.2 Classification of corporations41

3.1.3 Major types of corporations in the US42

3.1.4 Other types of corporations44

3.2 Advantages and Disadvantages of General Corporations46

3.2.1 Advantages of general corporations46

3.2.2 Disadvantages of general corporations47

3.3 The Establishment and Corporate Structure of a Corporation48

3.3.1 Steps of launching a corporation49

3.3.2 Corporate structure50

3.4 Mergers and Acquisitions52

3.4.1 How mergers occur53

3.4.2 Current trends in mergers and acquisitions54

3.5 Other Types of Business Organization55

3.5.1 Syndicates and technical partnerships56

3.5.2 Cooperatives56

3.5.3 Franchises57

Chapter 4 Social Responsibility and Business Behavior59

4.1 Corporate Social Responsibility and Its Importance60

4.1.1 Defining corporate social responsibility60

4.1.2 The importance of CSR to business and society61

4.2 Personal and Organizational Ethics63

4.2.1 Ethical behavior begins with personal morals63

4.2.2 Organizational ethics begins with top management64

4.2.3 Legality is only the first and final ethical desideratum65

4.3 Ethical Behavior and Corporate Decisions65

4.3.1 Identify the nature of ethics and ethical issues66

4.3.2 Ethical dilemmas and ethical lapses66

4.3.3 Basic approaches to ethical decision making67

4.3.4 Steps of making sound ethical decisions69

4.4 Management of Corporate Social Responsibility71

4.4.1 Factors affecting corporate social responsibility management71

4.4.2 Setting corporate ethical standards71

4.4.3 Social accounting and auditing73

4.5 Implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility74

4.5.1 Assessing your CSR situation74

4.5.2 Designing your CSR strategies75

4.5.3 Clarifying your CSR commitments75

4.5.4 Implementing your CSR programs76

4.5.5 Checking CSR progress and evaluating performance76

Chapter 5 International Trade and Global Markets78

5.1 International Trade and Reasons for International Trade78

5.1.1 Defining international trade79

5.1.2 Reasons for international trade79

5.1.3 Possible benefits of international trade82

5.2 Forms of International Business Activity82

5.2.1 Importing and exporting83

5.2.2 International licensing84

5.2.3 International franchising84

5.2.4 International strategic alliances and joint ventures85

5.2.5 Running wholly-owned facilities86

5.3 Multinational Corporations87

5.3.1 Defining multinational corporations87

5.3.2 Advantages of multinational corporations88

5.3.3 Disadvantages of multinational corporations89

5.4 International Trade Balance and Finance89

5.4.1 Balance of trade90

5.4.2 Trade deficits and surpluses90

5.4.3 Balance of payments91

5.4.4 Exchange rates92

5.4.5 International trade finance93

5.5 Barriers to International Trade93

5.5.1 Tariff93

5.5.2 Quota94

5.5.3 Subsidies95

5.5.4 "Voluntary"export restraint95

5.5.5 Exchange controls and export controls95

5.5.6 Embargoes96

5.5.7 Unfair trade practices96

5.6 Trade Agreements,Organizations and Blocs97

5.6.1 The GeneralAgreement on Tariffs and Trade and the World Trade Organization97

5.6.2 Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation97

5.6.3 Other major international trading blocs98

5.6.4 Unilateral trade privileges98

5.6.5 International trade finance and organizations99

Chapter 6 Management Fundamentals and Planning101

6.1 Management Fundamentals101

6.1.1 General approaches to management102

6.1.2 Five functions of management102

6.1.3 Management people104

6.1.4 Management levels105

6.1.5 Managerial skills106

6.1.6 Mission statement and managerial goals108

6.2 Planning and Planning Hierarchy110

6.2.1 Strategic planning111

6.2.2 Tactical planning112

6.2.3 Operational planning113

6.3 Planning Process113

6.3.1 Situation analysis114

6.3.2 Objective setting114

6.3.3 Resources allocation116

6.3.4 Action program117

6.3.5 Program implementation118

6.4 Steps of Decision-making in Management120

Chapter 7 Organizing and Organizational Design123

7.1 Basic Dimensions in Organizational Design123

7.1.1 Work specialization124

7.1.2 Departmentalization125

7.1.3 Chain of command127

7.1.4 Span of control127

7.1.5 Centralization versus decentralization128

7.1.6 Formalization129

7.2 Organizational Structure and the Contingency Approach130

7.2.1 Types of organizational structure130

7.2.2 Defining the contingency approach133

7.2.3 Contingency factors in organizational design134

7.3 Applications of Organizational Design135

7.3.1 Simple structure135

7.3.2 Bureaucratic structure135

7.3.3 Team-based structure137

7.4 Teams and Horizontal Coordination137

7.4.1 Common types of teams138

7.4.2 Team conflicts and conflict management141

Chapter 8 Staffing and Human Resources Management145

8.1 Human Resources and Human Resources Management145

8.1.1 Defining human resources145

8.1.2 Human resources management146

8.1.3 Human resources management process147

8.2 Staffing—Pre-employment147

8.2.1 Human resources planning148

8.2.2 Significance of human resources planning149

8.2.3 Process of recruiting150

8.2.4 Selection152

8.3 Staffing—Post-employment153

8.3.1 Orientation and socialization153

8.3.2 Employee training and development154

8.3.3 Performance appraisal158

8.3.4 Compensation and benefits162

8.3.5 Demotion and decruitment163

8.4 The Challenges of Human Resources Management164

8.4.1 Trends in human resources management164

8.4.2 Challenges of human resources management165

Chapter 9 Leading and Organizational Communication168

9.1 Leadership and Management169

9.1.1 Managers versus leaders169

9.1.2 Leadership qualities171

9.1.3 Leadership skills172

9.2 Leadership Styles174

9.2.1 Kurt Lewin's three general leadership styles174

9.2.2 More specific leadership styles177

9.2.3 Factors that affect leadership styles180

9.3 Major Theories of Leadership181

9.3.1 An overview of leadership theories181

9.3.2 Turning managers into leaders182

9.4 Motivating Employees184

9.4.1 Job motivational factors184

9.4.2 Individual motivational factors184

9.4.3 Work-environment motivational factors185

9.5 Organizational Communication186

9.5.1 Basic forms and types of communication186

9.5.2 Bases of and barriers to effective communication187

Chapter 10 Controlling and Quality Management190

10.1 Basic Aspects of Controlling190

10.1.1 Defining controlling190

10.1.2 Types of control systems191

10.1.3 The importance of control192

10.2 Designing and Implementing Control Systems193

10.2.1 Essential elements in a control system193

10.2.2 Approaches to designing control systems194

10.2.3 Steps in control process196

10.3 Quality Control Systems197

10.3.1 Management by objectives197

10.3.2 Total quality management202

10.3.3 Introducing ISO207

10.4 Crisis Management209

10.4.1 Defining crisis and crisis management209

10.4.2 Types of business crisis210

10.4.3 Crisis management planning211

Chapter 11 Manufacturing and Service Operations Management213

11.1 The Nature of Operations Management214

11.1.1 Manufacturing operations management214

11.1.2 Service operations management215

11.1.3 Differences between service and manufacturing operations216

11.2 Technological Innovation and Operations Management216

11.2.1 Technological innovation and production evolution217

11.2.2 Modern technology and operations management220

11.3 Production Stages and Steps of Product Development223

11.3.1 Production stages within an economy223

11.3.2 Stages in producing goods and services224

11.4 Planning Operations227

11.4.1 Primary planning228

11.4.2 Secondary planning229

11.5 Operations Controlling230

11.5.1 Cost and quality control231

11.5.2 Materials and process control232

Chapter 12 Marketing and Consumer Networks234

12.1 Marketing—Fundamental Components234

12.1.1 Defining marketing234

12.1.2 Types of marketing235

12.1.3 Market segmentation237

12.1.4 Marketing strategies238

12.2 Marketing Planning239

12.2.1 The marketing plan and its components239

12.2.2 Steps of preparing a market plan240

12.3 The Marketing Mix242

12.3.1 The traditional marketing mix242

12.3.2 The extended marketing mix243

12.4 Consu mers and Consu mer Behavior244

12.4.1 Researching consumer behavior244

12.4.2 The consumer buying process245

12.5 Product Differentiation and Pricing Strategies246

12.5.1 Product identification and product cycle246

12.5.2 Pricing strategies and techniques247

12.6 Product Promotion and Distribution248

12.6.1 Promotional strategies and techniques249

12.6.2 Product distribution mix250

12.7 Marketing Research and Market Research251

12.7.1 Ways of marketing research252

12.7.2 Steps of conducting marketing research253

References255

Glossary258