Git版本控制管理 英文版【2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载】

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1．Introduction1

Background1

The Birth of Git2

Precedents4

Time Line5

What's in a Name?6

2．Installing Git7

Using Linux Binary Distributions7

Debian/Ubuntu7

Other Binary Distributions8

Obtaining a Source Release9

Building and Installing9

Installing Git on Windows11

Installing the Cygwin Git Package12

Installing Standalone Git(msysGit)13

3．Getting Started17

The Git Command Line17

Quick Introduction to Using Git19

Creating an Initial Repository19

Adding a File to Your Repository20

Configuring the Commit Author22

Making Another Commit22

Viewing Your Commits22

Viewing Commit Differences24

Removing and Renaming Files in Your Repository24

Making a Copy of Your Repository25

Configuration Files26

Configuring an Alias28

Inquiry28

4．Basic Git Concepts29

Basic Concepts29

Repositories29

Git Object Types30

Index31

Content-Addressable Names31

Git Tracks Content32

Pathname Versus Content33

Object Store Pictures33

Git Concepts at Work36

Inside the .git directory36

Objects,Hashes,and Blobs37

Files and Trees38

A Note on Git's Use of SHA139

Tree Hierarchies41

Commits42

Tags43

5．File Management and the Index45

It's All About the Index46

File Classifications in Git46

Using git add48

Some Notes on Using git commit50

Using git commit--all50

Writing Commit Log Messages51

Using git rm52

Using git mv54

A Nore on Tracking Renames55

The .gitignore File56

A Detailed View of Git's Object Model and Files58

6．Commits63

Atomic Changesets64

Identifying Commits65

Absolute Commit Names65

refs and symrefs66

Relative Commit Names67

Commit History69

Viewing Old Commits69

Commit Graphs72

Commit Ranges76

Finding Commits81

Using git bisect81

Using git blame85

Using Pickaxe86

7．Branches87

Reasons for Using Branches87

Branch Names88

Dos and Don'ts in Branch Names89

Using Branches89

Creating Branches90

Listing Branch Names92

Viewing Branches92

Checking Out Branches94

A Basic Example of Checking Out a Branch95

Checking Out When You Have Uncommitted Changes96

Merging Changes into a Different Branch97

Creating and Checking Out a New Branch99

Detached HEAD Branches100

Deleting Branches101

8．Diffs105

Forms of the git diff Command106

Simple git diff Example110

git diff and Commit Ranges113

git diff with Path Limiting116

Comparing How Subversion and Git Derive diffs118

9．Merges119

Merge Examples119

Preparing for a Merge120

Merging Two Branches120

A Merge with a Conflict122

Working with Merge Conflicts126

Locating Conflicted Files126

Inspecting Conflicts127

How Git Keeps Track of Conflicts131

Finishing Up a Conflict Resolution133

Aborting or Restarting a Merge135

Merge Strategies135

Degenerate Merges138

Normal Merges140

Specialty Merges141

Applying Merge Strategies142

Merge Drivers144

How Git Thinks About Merges144

Merges and Git's Object Model144

Squash Merges145

Why Not Just Merge Each Change One by One?146

10．Altering Commits149

Caution About Altering History151

Using git reset152

Using git cherry-pick159

Using git revert161

reset,revert,and checkout161

Changing the Top Commit163

Rebasing Commits165

Using git rebase-i167

rebase Versus merge171

11．Remote Repositories177

Repository Concepts178

Bare and Development Repositories178

Repository Clones179

Remotes180

Tracking Branches180

Referencing Other Repositories181

Referring to Remote Repositories182

The refspec183

Example Using Remote Repositories185

Creating an Authoritative Repository186

Make Your Own origin Remote187

Developing in Your Repository189

Pushing Your Changes189

Adding a New Developer190

Getting Repository Updates192

Remote Repository Operations in Pictures196

Cloning a Repository197

Alternate Histories198

Non-Fast-Forward Pushes199

Fetching the Alternate History200

Merging Histories201

Merge Conflicts202

Pushing a Merged History203

Adding and Deleting Remote Branches203

Remote Configuration204

git remote205

git config205

Manual Editing206

Bare Repositories and git push206

Publishing Repositories208

Repositories with Controlled Access208

Repositories with Anonymous Read Access210

Repositories with Anonymous Write Access213

12．Repository Management215

Repository Structure215

The Shared Repository Structure215

Distributed Repository Structure216

Repository Structure Examples217

Living with Distributed Development219

Changing Public History219

Separate Commit and Publish Steps220

No One True History220

Knowing Your Place221

Upstream and Downstream Flows222

The Maintainer and Developer Roles222

Maintainer-Developer Interaction223

Role Duality224

Working with Multiple Repositories225

Your Own Workspace225

Where to Start Your Repository226

Converting to a Different Upstream Repository227

Using Multiple Upstream Repositories229

Forking Projects231

13．Patches233

Why Use Patches?234

Generating Patches235

Patches and Topological Sorts242

Mailing Patches243

Applying Patches246

Bad Patches253

Patching Versus Merging253

14．Hooks255

Installing Hooks257

Example Hooks257

Creating Your First Hook258

Available Hooks260

Commit-Related Hooks260

Patch-Related Hooks261

Push-Related Hooks262

Other Local Repository Hooks263

15．Combining Projects265

The Old Solution:Partial Checkouts266

The Obvious Solution:Import the Code into Your Project267

Importing Subprojects by Copying269

Importing Subprojects with git pull-s subtree269

Submitting Your Changes Upstream273

The Automated Solution:Checking Out Subprojects Using Custom Scripts274

The Native Solution:gitlinks and git submodule275

gitlinks276

The git submodule Command278

16．Using Git with Subversion Repositories283

Example:A Shallow Clone of a Single Branch283

Making Your Changes in Git286

Fetching Before Committing287

Committing Through git svn rebase288

Pushing,Pulling,Branching,and Merging with git svn290

Keeping Your Commit IDs Straight290

Cloning All the Branches292

Sharing Your Repository293

Merging Back into Subversion294

Miscellaneous Notes on Working with Subversion296

svn:ignore Versus .gitignore296

Reconstructing the git-svn cache297

Index299