国际建协《北京宪章》 建筑学的未来 中英文本【2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载】

国际建协《北京宪章》 建筑学的未来 中英文本PDF格式电子书版下载

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BEIJING CHARTER1

CHARTE DE BEIJING15

CARTA DE BEIJING31

ПЕКИНСКАЯХАРТИЯ47

ANNOTATIONS TO THE BEIJING CHARTER63

Ⅰ UNDERSTANDING THE TIME:THE GENERAL TREND OF HUMAN CIVILIZATION65

1 The 20th Century:An Age of“Great Development”and“Immense Devastation”65

2 The 21st Century:The Great Turn71

Ⅱ FACING THE CHALLENGES:THE CRUCIAL TOPICS AND BASIC PRINCIPLES OF CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE76

1 A Complex Situation76

2 A Common Choice89

Ⅲ FROM TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURE TO A GENERAL THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE97

1 Three Premises97

2 The Theoretical Structure of a General Theory of Architecture100

3 Towards a Trinity:Integration of Architecture,Landscape Architecture and Urban Planning105

4 A Re-cycling System:An Architecture Focusing on Human Settlements and the Environment107

5 Multi-Level Technological Structuring and the Integration of Technology and Humanism109

6 Cultural Diversity:To Construct a“Global-Local”Architecture114

7 A General Environmental Art122

8 Architecture for the Whole Society127

9 Comprehensive Education131

10 The Methodology of a General Theory of Architecture135

Ⅳ A PRIMARY CONCLUSION:ALL PATHWAYS TOWARDS A COMMON DESTINATION137

KEYNOTE SPEECH Looking Forward to Architecture of the New Millenium147

1 An Outstanding Century of Architecture149

2 Apparent Crises151

3 Roadmap to the Next Century153

4 Towards an Integral Architecture156

5 Our Common Mission:A Better Habitat and A Better Society161

POSTSCRIPT165

1 Is the Future Tangible?167

2 How to Treat the Numerous Schools of Architecture?168

3 How can We Achieve Concordance While Keep Diversity?168

4 What will be the Road of BEING Creative?169

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS171

LIST OF FIGURES73

Figure 1-1:The changing scale of time and space:Europe reshaped by the railroad network73

Figure 2-1:The last drop of water on the earth will be that of our tear78

Figure 2-2:Farmland resources should be preserved,and passed to the future generation for cultivation79

Figure 2-3:Architect in hungry79

Figure 2-4:If we would have four earths80

Figure 2-5:Simple things designers can do to save the earth81

Figure 2-6:Percentage of urbanization of the world in 1970,1994 and 202582

Figure 2-7:Distribution of mega-cities in the world83

Figure 2-8:A good planning will be the guarantee of a rational urban development84

Figure 2-9:Cities in the 21st century imagined by Frank E.Paul in 192886

Figure 2-10:Canadian version of“America the ugly”87

Figure 2-11:The protest of the citizens of San Francisco to high-rise buildings88

Figure 3-1:Charles Jencks'analysis on the development of late-modern architecture since the 1960s101

Figure 3-2:The language of architecture must be that of the public102

Figure 3-3:Sculpture,architecture or city?103

Figure 3-4:From traditional architecture to integral architecture104

Figure 3-5:Spatial structure of Changshu107

Figure 3-6:Architectural works of Charles Correa111

Figure 3-7:So-called“Biological Tower”designed by Ken Yeang112

Figure 3-8:Eden Project designed by Nicolas Grimshaw112

Figure 3-9:Town Hall in S？yn？tsalo designed by Alvar Aalto113

Figure 3-10:I.M.Pei's design for the Museum of Miho shows his persistent pursuit for the oriental aesthetics with the modern technologies117

Figure 3-11:Museum of Roman Art in Mérida designed by Jose Rafael Moneo118

Figure 3-12:Different pathways towards a common destination121

Figure 3-13:Architectural creations with accordance to the existing urban tissue124

Figure 3-14:Tragedy of contemporary architectural education?133

Figure 4-1:Exploration for the diverse pathways to the future development of architecture138