THEORY AND PRACTICE OF INTERNATIONAL AND INTERNATIONALIZD CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS【2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载】

THEORY AND PRACTICE OF INTERNATIONAL AND INTERNATIONALIZD CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGSPDF格式电子书版下载

注意：本站所有压缩包均有解压码： 点击下载压缩包解压工具

Chapter Ⅰ The Emergence and Foundation of Contemporary International Criminal Proceedings1

1 Functions and Origins of International Criminal Proceedings1

1.1 Origins and Sources1

1.2 The Doctrine of Stare Decisis and Judicial Precedent within International Criminal Proceedings2

1.3 Stare Decisis between Case Law from International and Internationalized Criminal Courts4

1.4 Conclusions6

2 Functions of International Criminal Proceedings6

3 The Adversarial Nature of International Criminal Trials6

3.1 ICTY-ICTR Adversarial Elements6

3.2 ICC Adversarial-Inquisitorial Traits7

3.3 Contemporary International Criminal Proceedings: Consequences of a Shift to Civil Law Traits?8

4 Legal-Political Dilemmas of the Law of International Criminal Proceedings9

5 The Law of International Criminal Proceedings: A Sui Generis System?10

6 Effects of International Criminal Proceedings on National Criminal Jurisdictions13

Chapter Ⅱ The Influence of International Human Rights Law on International Criminal Proceedings15

1 Introduction15

2 The Direct Effect of Human Rights on the Development of International Criminal Proceedings15

3 Practical Implications of the Direct Effect of Human Rights on International Criminal Proceedings19

4 Material Differentiation between National Criminal and International Criminal Proceedings as to the Applicable Scope of Human Rights21

Chapter Ⅲ Towards a System of General Principles and Methodology of International Criminal Proceedings23

1 Introduction23

2 The Influence of the Jurisprudence of International Criminal Tribunals on the Development of General Principles of International Criminal Proceedings24

3 The Promulgation of Fundamental Principles of International Criminal Proceedings: Procedural Jus Cogens Norms24

3.1 Introduction24

3.2 The Principle of Presumption Innocentiae within International Criminal Proceedings25

3.2.1 General Observations25

3.2.2 Derivative Rights28

3.2.3 Extension under the ICC Statute?29

3.3 The Right to be Informed of the Charges Within International Criminal Proceedings30

3.4 The Right to Challenge the Lawfulness of the Arrest or Detention32

3.5 The Right to Have Access to the Case File during Detention on Remand36

3.6 The Principle of Equality of Arms Including Equal Access to Documents and Witnesses as well as Having Adequate Facilities and Time to Prepare the Defence37

3.6.1 Equality of Arms from the Perspective of the ECHR37

3.6.2 Equality of Arms from the Perspective of International Tribunals38

3.6.3 Practical Implications of Procedural Equality within International Criminal Proceedings40

3.6.4 Equality of Arms as to Financial Resources within International Criminal Trials42

3.6.5 Equality of Arms as it Applies to Non-Indigent or Partially-Indigent Accused49

3.7 The Principle that Examination of Witnesses should be Conducted on an Equal Footing55

3.8 The Right of an Accused to Freely Choose Counsel, and to Represent Himself before an International Criminal Tribunal59

3.8.1 The Right to Freely Choose Counsel59

3.8.2 The Right to Dismiss Counsel64

3.8.3 The Right to Represent Oneself66

3.9 The Principle of Fair and Impartial Proceedings without Undue Delay80

3.10 The Right Not to be Held Criminally Responsible in Violation of the Principle of Legality (Nullem Crimen Sine Lege)83

3.11 International Criminal Trials in Presence and in Absentia of the Accused85

3.11.1 Trials in Absentia: Principles according to European Court of Human Rights85

3.11.2 Trials in Absentia: Principles set forth by International Tribunals86

4 Conclusion89

Chapter Ⅳ Fundamentals on the Transposition of National Criminal (Procedural) Laws onto International Criminal Proceedings91

1 The Transfer of Jurisdiction from National to International Criminal Proceedings91

2 Principles to Regulate the Interrelationship between National and International Criminal Jurisdiction91

3 Principles to Ascertain International or Internationalized Criminal Jurisdiction93

4 Limitations on the Transposition of National Criminal Laws onto International Criminal Proceedings93

5 Jurisdictional Immunities From International Criminal Proceedings Based on National Law: The SCSL Challenges96

6 Conclusion99

Chapter Ⅴ Fundamentals of International Criminal Investigations and Prosecution101

1 Introduction101

2 The Nature of the Type of Problem(s) Arising from Prosecutorial Powers to Initiate International Criminal Proceedings103

3 The Prosecutorial Context for the Commencement of International Criminal Proceedings105

3.1 The Exercise of Prosecutorial Powers before the ICTY and ICTR: Interpretative Parameters105

3.2 Commencing International Criminal Proceedings before the ICC: A New Prosecutorial Era?110

3.2.1 The ICC Prosecutorial System110

3.2.2 Rethinking Prosecutorial Criteria to Initiate ICC Investigation or Prosecution114

3.3 The Changing Discretionary Role of Prosecutors within the System of Internationalized Criminal Courts: From Discretion to Legal Political Authority116

3.4 Criminal Investigations before the Special Court for Sierra Leone119

3.4.1 Introduction119

3.4.2 Specific Investigatory Powers of the Prosecutor of the Special Court for Sierra Leone119

3.4.3 Counterbalancing Rights of the Suspect during an Investigation by the Prosecutor of the Special Court for Sierra Leone121

4 International Legal Instruments to Supervise Prosecutorial Discretionary Powers: the Doctrine of Abuse of Powers122

4.1 The Need for Supervisory Mechanisms122

4.2 The Abuse of Process Doctrine Applied to Prosecutorial Discretion123

5 Reform of the Legal Political and Ethical Basis of International Criminal Prosecutions: Some Recommendations128

5.1 The Need for Normative Constitutionalization and Review of Prosecutorial Decision Making128

5.2 Towards a Special Review Procedure?129

5.3 Determining Legal-Political Criteria for International Criminal Prosecutions130

5.4 Conclusions132

Chapter Ⅵ International Criminal Pre-Trial Proceedings135

1 Introduction135

2 The Nature and Function of (Preliminary) Motions within International Criminal Proceedings136

3 The International Criminal Law Standards on Provisional Release137

3.1 Characterization and Nature of Bail137

3.2 The International Human Rights Status of Provisional Release138

3.3 Provisional Release before the ICTY and ICTR139

3.3.1 Introduction139

3.3.2 The Development of the Provisional Release System through ICTY Case Law140

3.4 Provisional Release before the SCSL144

3.5 Provisional Release before the ICC147

3.6 Distinction between International Criminal Courts and ECHR as to Provisional Release150

3.7 Influx of Human Rights on the Provisional Release Mechanism before International and Internationalized Courts153

4 The Role and Nature of Indictments within International Criminal Proceedings154

4.1 Function and Purpose of International Criminal Indictments154

4.2 Requirements for International Criminal Indictments: Practical Guidelines156

5 Principles Pertaining to Disclosure of Evidence within International Criminal Proceedings159

5.1 Introduction: Nature and Purpose of Disclosure159

5.2 Prosecution's Disclosure Obligations within International Criminal Proceedings160

5.3 Defence Disclosure Obligations within International Criminal Proceedings164

5.4 Disclosure of Witness Rewards within International Criminal Proceedings165

5.5 Disclosure of Prosecution's Records of Witness Interviews170

5.6 Disclosure of Preparatory Meetings Between Prosecution and Witnesses172

5.7 Disclosure Obligations Pursuant to Human Rights Provisions173

6 National Security Interests and its Disclosure within International Criminal Proceedings173

6.1 Introduction173

6.2 International Criminal Proceedings to Protect National Security Interests174

6.3 Disclosure and National Security Interests before the ICC181

Chapter Ⅶ Evidentiary Rules and Principles within International Criminal Proceedings183

1 The Hybrid Nature of International Criminal Evidentiary Rules183

2 General Evidentiary Rules and Principles Applicable to International Criminal Proceedings184

3 Witness Testimony within International Criminal Proceedings: Principles and Practice185

4 Hearsay Evidence within International Criminal Proceedings187

4.1 The Nature and Complexity of Rules Governing Hearsay Evidence187

4.2 Admissibility of Hearsay within International Criminal Proceedings188

4.3 Exclusion of Hearsay Evidence based on Reliability Criteria Within International Criminal Proceedings190

4.4 Reviewing Hearsay Evidence within Contemporary International Criminal Proceedings: Future Developments191

4.5 The Admission if Prior Inconsistent Statements as Substantive Evidence: An Example of New Developments at the ICTY193

4.6 Concurrence of Hearsay and Prior Inconsistent Statements195

5 Corroborating Evidence within International Criminal Proceedings196

6 Admissibility of "Circumstantial Evidence" within International Criminal Proceedings197

7 Principles as to Protection of Witnesses and Victims within International Criminal Proceedings198

7.1 Introduction: The (Protective) Position of Witnesses and Victims within International Criminal Proceedings198

7.2 Main Principles of Protective Measures within International Criminal Proceedings198

7.3 Stages and Types of Protective Measures within International Criminal Proceedings199

7.3.1 Protective Measures and Procedural Stages199

7.3.2 Types of Protective Measures200

7.4 Protective Measures and Different Categories of Witnesses201

7.5 Conclusions202

8 Anonymous Witnesses within International Criminal Proceedings203

8.1 The Approach of the ECHR: Foundation for International Criminal Trials203

8.2 Anonymous Witness Evidence within International Criminal Proceedings205

8.3 Conclusions and Practical Reflections on ICTY Case Law Referring to Anonymous Witnesses208

8.4 ICTR Approach Regarding Anonymous Witnesses210

8.5 ICC Approach Regarding Anonymous Witnesses210

8.6 Admissibility of other Indirect Documentary Evidence: Diaries and Personal Notes211

8.7 Judicial Boundaries of Expert Testimony Within International Criminal Proceedings212

9 Other Evidentiary Instruments within International Criminal Proceedings213

9.1 Written Evidence in International Criminal Proceedings213

9.2 The Doctrine of Judicial Notice within International Criminal Proceedings: Mechanisms to Introduce Facts218

9.3 Indirect Evidentiary Mechanisms within International Criminal Proceedings221

9.4 The Admissibility of Dossiers into Evidence before International Criminal Tribunals223

9.5 The Fundamental Role of Expert Witnesses Evidence within International Criminal Proceedings225

9.5.1 Introduction: Function, Role and Definition of Expert Evidence225

9.5.2 Litigation Purposes of the Involvement of Expert Witnesses within International Criminal Proceedings226

9.5.3 Admissibility of Expert Evidence within International Criminal Proceedings227

10 The Admissibility and Evidentiary Value of Intelligence Information within International Criminal Trials230

10.1 The Position of International Criminal Tribunals Vis-a-Vis "Intelligence Information"231

10.2 The Position of the ECHR Vis-a-Vis "Intelligence Information"238

Chapter Ⅷ International Criminal Trial Proceedings243

1 Introduction: Regulation by Rules of Procedure and Evidence243

2 Procedural Aspects of Case Presentation and Presentation of Evidence within International Criminal Proceedings244

2.1 Introduction: the Function of Case Presentation and Presentation of Evidence244

2.2 International Procedural Principles of Presentation of Evidence245

2.3 Purpose and Relevance of the Opening Statement within International Criminal Proceedings246

2.4 Nature and Purpose of Cross-Examination within International Criminal Proceedings247

2.4.1 Fundamental Basis of Cross-Examination247

2.4.2 Functions and Purposes of Cross-Examination within International Criminal Proceedings248

2.4.3 Modalities and Scope of Cross-Examination within International Criminal Proceedings248

2.4.4 Implications for International Criminal Proceedings249

2.5 Admissibility of Rebuttal and Rejoinder Evidence?250

2.6 Conclusions: Towards a Flexible System of Presentation of Evidence251

3 The International Procedural Instrument of Entering of a Judgment of Acquittal252

4 Procedural Aspects of the Finality of International Criminal Proceedings: The Closing Arguments257

4.1 General Remarks257

4.2 Functioning Essentials and Purposes of Closing Argument within International Criminal Proceedings257

5 Specific Procedures within International Criminal Proceedings: Guilty Plea and Plea Agreement Procedures259

5.1 International Criminal Law Conditions for Guilty Pleas259

5.2 International Criminal Plea Agreement Procedures260

5.3 Human Rights Adjudicatory Framework on Plea Agreements: ECHR Case Law267

Chapter IX International Criminal Sentencing and Enforcement Proceedings271

1 Introduction: The Position of Sentencing (Enforcement) within International Criminal Proceedings271

2 The Legal-Political and Philosophical Parameters of International Criminal Sentences271

3 The Position of Life Imprisonment and Death Penalty within International Criminal Sentencing274

4 Specify Sentencing Factors Derived from the Practice of International and Internationalized Criminal Court276

4.1 General Parameters276

4.2 Specific Parameters: Aggravating and Mitigating Factors277

4.2.1 Aggravating Circumstances277

4.2.2 Mitigating Circumstances279

5 The Principle of Equity as a Sentencing Consideration within International Trials?281

6 International Criminal Sentencing Procedures282

7 Enforcement of Sentences within International Criminal Proceedings282

7.1 Enforcement Principles282

7.2 Principles of Supervision of International Imprisonment Sentences284

7.3 The Binding Nature of Imprisonment Sentences within International Criminal Proceedings: Reduction and Commutation of Sentences?285

8 Conclusions287

Chapter Ⅹ International Criminal Appeal Proceedings289

1 Introduction: Appeal as Derivative of Human Rights?289

2 The Nature of the Appellate System before International and Internationalized Criminal Courts290

2.1 Common and Civil Law Features290

2.2 The Contemporary Interlocutory Appeals System within International Criminal Proceedings291

2.3 International Criminal Appeals against Judgments292

2.4 Grounds of Appeals before International Criminal Tribunals293

2.5 Appeals for Purposes of Jurisprudential Developments295

2.6 The International Criminal Law Principles for Admission of Fresh Evidence in Appeal296

2.7 A Refined ICTY-Standard of Review on Appeal299

Chapter Ⅺ International Criminal Review Proceedings301

1 Introduction: The Nature of Miscarriages of Justice and Redressing Them301

2 The Susceptibility of International Criminal Proceedings for Miscarriages of Justice301

3 The Review System before International Criminal Tribunals302

4 Towards a Uniform System of Review Principles within International Criminal Proceedings305

5 Financial Compensation for Wrongfully Detained or Convicted Persons within International Criminal Proceedings306

6 Witnesses Identification within International or Internal Armed Conflict307

Chapter Ⅻ State Cooperation within the Law of International Criminal Proceedings309

1 Introduction: State Cooperation as the Cornerstone of Proceedings Before International Criminal Tribunals309

2 The Existing Framework and Traits on State Cooperation Before the Ad Hoc Tribunals309

2.1 Introduction309

2.2 Key Principles of State Cooperation According to the ICTY Case Law311

3 The State Cooperation System within Internationalized or Mixed Criminal Courts: The Experiences before the Special Court for Sierra Leone314

3.1 Introduction314

3.2 Cooperation with States315

3.3 Application of the Blaskic Criteria by the Special Court in Sierra Leone319

4 Conclusions: State Cooperation and Equality of Arms322

Chapter ⅩⅢ Special Characteristics and Methodology of Contemporary International Criminal Proceedings325

1 Introduction325

2 The identification of General and Specific Features of International Criminal Proceedings325

3 The Identification of General Methodological Traits within International Criminal Proceedings327

3.1 Methods of Interpretation of International Criminal Proceedings327

Chapter ⅩⅣ The Future of International Criminal Proceedings and Standardization of its Practice329

1 The Jurisprudence of the International and Internationalized Criminal Courts as Quasi-Legislative Source: Compliance with the Doctrine of Separation of Powers?329

1.1 Introduction: Rules of Procedure and Evidence as Quasi-Legislation329

2 The Process of the Establishment of the SCSL330

2.1 Legal Basis of the Special Court330

2.2 Letter from the President of Sierra Leone to the President of the United Nations Security Council331

2.3 UN Security Council Resolution 1315331

2.4 Report of the Secretary-General on the Establishment of a Special Court for Sierra Leone333

2.5 Agreement on the Special Court for Sierra Leone333

3 Jurisprudence of the SCSL on the Ratione Materiae Jurisdiction334

3.1 Introduction334

3.2 Specific Crimes under the Statute of the SCSL336

3.3 Assessment of Article 4 c: The Recruitment and Use of Child Soldiers336

3.4 Assessment of Article 5: Abuse of Girls and Wanton Destruction of Property337

3.5 Jurisprudential Developments within the SCSL on Two Specific Crimes: Forced Marriage and Child Recruitment338

3.5.1 The SCSL Trial Chamber Decision of May 6,2004, in Prosecutor v. Brima/Kamara/Kanu on the Prosecution Request for Leave to Amend the Indictment339

3.5.2 The Appeals Chamber Judgment of May 31,2004, in Prosecutor v. Norman on the Preliminary Motion based on Lack of Jurisdiction (Child Recruitment)340

4 Conclusions: The Doctrine of Separation of Powers at the International Criminal Law Level?343

Biography345

Table of cases347

Table of Treaties and Documents351

Index353